Stavropol area. A historical-geographic part on the Russian Federation located in the main area off Subcaucasia, involving the Kuban Lake (and you may Kuban part) on the western, the newest Terek area for the the southern area of, the fresh Don area toward northern, the newest Kalmyk Autonomous Republic towards the northeast, in addition to lands of your Caucasian hill peoples towards the south and southwest. The fresh Stavropol area essentially matches within the territory on former Stavropol gubernia (within its 18611920 border, 59,500 sq km) in addition to afterwards Stavropol krai, faster the brand new Karachai-Cherkess Autonomous oblast (66,five hundred sq . kilometres).
Physical topography. The big part of the Stavropol part are filled from the Stavropol Upland; the fresh slight portion have elements of the latest Caspian Lowland regarding the east, the fresh Kuma-Manych Depression from the northern, and mountain tops of your Caucasus Slopes regarding southwest. The new weather of one’s Stavropol area is actually transformation, off moderate continental in the western to drier and continental regarding the east. The greater of these range from the Yegorlyk (and therefore moves towards Manych), the newest Kalaus, the newest Kuma, while the Kuban and its own higher tributaries, new Velykyi Zelenchuk in addition to Malyi Zelenchuk (see Zelenchuk rivers). River water can be used for irrigation. Quick, mostly saline ponds abound; the largest ‘s the slim but 160-km-a lot of time River Manych-Gudilo (Ukrainian: Manych-Hudylo).
Nevertheless situated Stavropol region remained sparsely inhabited by the nomadic Nogay Tatars (a Turkic-talking some one) and Kalmyk somebody (an excellent Mongol-talking class), which to each other numbered in the 80,000
New soils on the western and you may main part of the Stavropol area is actually individuals chernozems and chestnut grounds; to the eastern and you will northeast they become light chestnut. This new natural herbs including changes eastward which have declining moisture, out of meadow fescuefeather grass steppe so you’re able to inactive fescuefeather lawn steppe and semidesert plants off wormwood, dry fescue, and feather lawn. In the more humid the main Stavropol Upland and in new Caucasus hills new sheer herbs are forest-steppe having pine-hornbeam-beech woods. Now the steppe as well as the tree-steppe are almost totally cleared to have agriculture.
Records. About middle-16th century the fresh new Caucasus and Stavropol area began to started into experience of Muscovite colonization. From the 16th and you will 17th ages Subcaucasia experienced the new origins regarding Cossack colonization (the fresh Wear Cossacks regarding the west and the Terek Cossacks for the the newest east). Caucasian hill peoples, brand new Karachai and Cherkess, stayed in the new mountain tops of your own part.
Early in new 18th century the newest Stavropol region nominally turned part of the Russian Kingdom. Permanent agreements, however, weren’t mainly based before past quarter of century, whenever, during the 177780, the fresh Russian regulators mainly based a line of forts, the brand new Mozdok-Azov line, which have headquarters at Stavropol, to hold the Caucasian hill peoples. By Asiatique mariГ©e 1785 this new Stavropol area shaped section of Caucasus oblast, that has been redesignated a great gubernia in the 1802. After the multiple title changes it absolutely was designated because Stavropol gubernia when you look at the 1847. The limits was in fact finally fixed inside the 1861, in the event it is actually split up from Terek oblast. Compared to Kuban oblast and you may Terek oblast, Stavropol gubernia (since 1898) wasn’t section of Caucasus krai.
Until the 1930s the fresh Stavropol part try paid by both Ukrainians and you will Russians, and you will constituted part of contiguous, albeit blended, Ukrainian ethnographic region
The fresh new Russian bodies marketed this new fast colonization of your Stavropol region so you’re able to expose a bottom to have armed forces ways throughout the Caucasus. Element of one aim are achieved by this new granting of choice tracts out-of homes so you can Russian noblemen, just who paid them with the serfs. A very significant reason behind colonization, although not, is actually the fresh new natural payment from the condition peasants who have been unimpeded because of the the fresh new main bodies. In fact the purple government legalized extant says to the ukase off 1804 and you may given service to the people who had settled from inside the this new Stavropol area. Towards the end of 1850s the people out-of Stavropol gubernia got risen to 340,000 (5.5 persons for each sq . kilometres). The just town, Stavropol, expanded from around step three,000 citizens in the 1800 to 17,600 residents during the 1853. The quintessential densely settled portion was indeed the fresh steppes involving the Yegorlyk plus the Kalaus streams and Kalaus River area. The populace regarding Stavropol gubernia (in addition to Terek oblast) for the 1853 contained forty eight.7 percent Cossacks, thirty-two % state peasants, 16.2 % nomadic herders, and you will step three.1 percent serfs and others.