The world relies on a variety of energy sources. Fossil fuels — including natural gas, oil and coal–accounted to more than 81 % of the energy consumed in the year 2018. Renewable energy sources, such as solar power, wind, hydroelectricity and biomass, make up for 14 percent. Nuclear energy accounts for another 5 percent. Different countries employ different types of energy sources, balancing environmental and economic requirements.
Nature’s energy is available in a variety of forms including sun, wind waves, and ocean. These primary sources are transformed into more convenient forms of energy, like electricity or heat, once they are harnessed. These sources of energy become non-renewable sources of energy when they are exhausted.
Many fossil fuels as well as some of the other nonrenewable energy sources are causing harm to the environment. For instance, oil mining can devastate the forests that are virgin to the earth. Fracking (hydraulic fracturing) can result in earthquakes and water pollution. Burning coal releases carbon dioxide, which contributes to global warming.
Fortunately there are many promising energy sources are renewable and sustainable. Hydropower, solar power and wind, for instance, can generate electricity without the need to search for new sources.
Other sources of sustainable energy are gaining momentum, such as the wave and tidal power. However, in order to be utilized on a large scale these technologies require effective distribution networks. These must be built using a source of non-renewable energy sources. This means that these sources aren’t capable of meeting the majority of our energy requirements. But it’s important keep in mind that prices for renewable energy equipment have come down drastically over the last few years, and the efficiency is growing rapidly.
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